The Ferruginous Duck (Aythya nyroca) is one of the most elegant and captivating waterfowl species you can spot along the Nile, especially in the beautiful wetlands of Aswan. Whether you’re a seasoned birder or just curious about local wildlife, here are 10 fascinating facts that reveal why the Ferruginous Duck is so unique—and why its presence in Aswan is becoming increasingly important for conservation.
1- Rich Reddish Coloration
Its name comes from the Latin word “ferrugo,” meaning rust-colored iron, which reflects the male’s striking chestnut-brown plumage and contrasting white belly.
2- Bright White Eyes
Adult males have pale white eyes, creating a sharp contrast with their dark head — a useful ID feature in the field.
3- Diving Duck
Unlike dabbling ducks, Ferruginous Ducks are excellent divers, feeding underwater on aquatic plants, insects, and mollusks.
4- Globally Near Threatened
The species is classified as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List due to habitat loss and degradation, especially in wetlands.
5- Winter Visitor in Egypt
In Egypt, especially along the Nile and in the Nile Delta, the Ferruginous Duck is mainly seen as a winter visitor, although a few may breed.
6- Quiet and Shy Nature
It tends to be more secretive than other duck species, preferring to hide in dense reed beds and quiet backwaters.
7- Unusual Flight Behavior
It takes off directly from the water, unlike some diving ducks that need a running start.
8- Males and Females Look Similar
Though males are brighter, the female Ferruginous Duck also has a rich brown coloration but with duller tones and darker eyes.
9- Likes Freshwater Marshes
Prefers shallow lakes, marshes, and slow-moving rivers with plenty of vegetation — prime habitats for birdwatchers in Aswan to explore!
10- A New Resident in Aswan
Although traditionally migratory, the Ferruginous Duck has been observed as a resident breeder in Aswan since 2010. (Read the Scientific paper written by Dick Hoek, Haitham Ibrahim and Khaled Noby in Sandgrouse Magazine.) Thanks to the suitable wetland habitats along the Nile, the population is now increasing year after year, making Aswan a key stronghold for this Near Threatened species in Egypt.
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